As aesthetic providers, we all know the importance of assessing the face as part of our overall patient assessment. Upon first glance, we can gather important information about our patients’ health, such as facial symmetry, signs of distress or discomfort, and even their emotional state. However, what many of us might not know is the significance of the facial muscles themselves, including their origin and insertion points with the skin, and how these muscles can inform our patient care. In today’s blog post, we will dive deeper into the world of facial muscles, comparing levator and depressor muscles and the three sphincter muscles of the face, as well as answering the burning question: just how many muscles are there in the face?
Let’s start with the basics: how many muscles are in the face? According to the Facial Action Coding System (FACS), there are a whopping 43 muscles in the face, each responsible for specific movements, expressions, and functions. Understanding the location and function of these muscles can help us better assess and care for our patients.
Two sets of muscles in particular – the levator and depressor muscles – are crucial in determining facial expression. The levator muscles raise the eyebrows, eyelids, and mouth, while the depressor muscles move in the opposite direction, lowering these features. It is important to note the origin and insertion points of these muscles, as they will inform us about the depth of injection we should use when treating with botulinum toxin A. Furthermore, the three sphincter muscles of the face – orbicularis oris and orbicularis oculi x2 – also play a crucial role in patient assessment. The orbicularis oris muscle encircles the lips and is essential for forming words and expressions, while the orbicularis oculi muscles encircles each eye and controls winking and eye closing.
Taking the time to carefully assess facial muscles and movements can inform our overall patient diagnosis and care plan. For example, when assessing a stroke patient, knowing which facial muscles are affected and to what extent can help us better plan for rehabilitation. In a patient with a facial injury or Botox induced paralysis, understanding which muscles are affected can help us determine the best course of treatment and provide more accurate prognoses.
Additionally, facial muscles can inform us about our patients’ emotions and overall wellbeing. For example, a patient with a consistently tight jaw and furrowed brow may be experiencing chronic stress, while a lack of facial expression in a patient with a history of depression may be a sign of worsening symptoms.
In conclusion, understanding the role of facial muscles in patient assessment and care is essential for all nurses. From the number and location of muscles to their origin and insertion points with the skin, the facial muscles can inform us about everything from acute emergencies to chronic emotional states. As healthcare providers, we must take the time to assess and observe these muscles, as they can give us valuable insights into our patients’ health and wellbeing.